Formulas that calculate loan payments, principal, interest and more are found
in the financial category in the Paste Function dialog box. In the screen shot
is a list of functions and necessary syntax for loan calculations. See the formulas
in the gray cells, and the syntax in rows 12-16.
Syntax for loan calculation functions
Rate - The interest rate per period.
Per - The period for which the interest rate is calculated.
Nper - The total number of payments.
Pv - The present value, the total amount that a series of
future payments is worth now.
Type - The timing of the payment, either at the beginning
or end of the period. Numbers 0 or 1 represent the payment date. The number
0 represents payment at the end of the period, and the number 1 represents payment
at the beginning of the period. The default (empty argument) is 0. The calculation
is at the end of the period.
PMT (Rate, Nper, -Loan Amount)
- Calculates the payment for a loan based on constant payments and a constant
interest rate.
- Returns the regular monthly payment on the loan (principal + interest) when
the interest for each of the monthly payments is constant.
- Example: The principal of a loan is $100,000, and the term of the loan is
three years. The monthly payment during the term of the loan is calculated
at $3,227; see column B in the figure below.
PPMT (Rate, Which Period, Nper, -Loan Amount)
- Returns the amount on the principal for a given period for a loan based
on periodic, constant payments and a constant interest rate.
- Returns the sum of the principal within the monthly payment (the monthly
payment is comprised of the principal + interest). See various examples of
calculations in column C, rows 8:10, and the formula syntax in rows 14:16.
- IPMT (Rate, Which Period, Nper, -Loan Amount)
- Returns the interest payment for a given period for a loan based on periodic,
constant payments and a constant interest rate.
- Returns the amount of the interest within the monthly payment (the monthly
payment is comprised of the principal + interest). See the calculation in
cell G11 and the formula syntax in G13.
NPER (Rate, Pmt, -Loan Amount)
- Returns the number of loan payments with a constant interest rate. See the
formula syntax in D12.
RATE (Nper, Pmt, -Loan Amount)
- Returns the interest rate per period of a loan. RATE is calculated by iteration
and can have zero or more solutions.
- Returns the percentage of interest on the loan, when the number of payments
is constant.
PV (Rate, Nper, Pmt)
- PV is the present value — the total amount that a series of future
payments is worth now.
- Returns the current value for a series of payments with a constant interest
rat